Peniarth 190: Golygiad Electronig. Ffeil flaen TEI
Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC)
Whitefriars, Lewins Mead,
Bristol BS1 2AE.
0117 987 6500
Peter Wynn Thomas, D Mark Smith, Diana Luft
Peniarth 190: An Electronic Edition
TEI header
Peniarth 190: Golygiad Electronig
Ffeil flaen
Editorial principles
Egwyddorion golygu
Corff Electronig o Ryddiaith Cymraeg Canol aims to produce machine-readable editions of all the medieval Welsh prose texts which have been preserved in manuscripts dating from c.1350 to c.1425.
Nod Corff Electronig o Ryddiaith Cymraeg Canol yw cynhyrchu golygiadau electronig o’r holl destunau rhyddiaith a gadwyd mewn llawysgrifau a ddyddir i’r cyfnod rhwng oddeutu 1350 ac 1425.
The project is a continuation and a development of two previous projects funded by the University of Wales which transcribed the Welsh prose in manuscripts dated to c.1250-c.1350.
Mae’r prosiect presennol yn parhau ac yn datblygu dau brosiect blaenorol a ariannwyd gan Brifysgol Cymru. Nod y gwaith hwnnw oedd trawsgrifio’r rhyddiaith mewn llawysgrifau a luniwyd rhwng tua 1250 ac 1350.
The intention is to give scholars access not only to texts that have hitherto remained unedited but also to the different versions of texts that have been the subject of critical editions.
Mae’r Corff yn cynnwys testunau a olygwyd eisoes mewn gwahanol ffyrdd a hefyd destunau nas cyhoeddwyd erioed o’r blaen. Y bwriad yw rhyddau’r testunau hyn mewn golygiad sy’n cynnwys ymyrryd golygyddol lleiafol.
Certain decorative features have been encoded: these may trigger further study of the original manuscripts. Primarily, however, the resource provides detail which it is hoped will further the study of the language and literature of the period.
Amgodiwyd rhai nodweddion addurnol a all sbarduno astudio’r llawysgrifau gwreiddiol ymhellach. Y prif nod, fodd bynnag, yw darparu manylion y gobeithir y byddant yn hyrwyddo astudio iaith a llenyddiaeth y cyfnod.
In producing this edition, we have attempted to fulfil two different and often non-complementary if not opposing goals: to present a minimally edited edition of the text, and to represent as many visual features of the manuscript as possible.
Mae’r golygiad hwn yn ceisio cyflawni dau nod gwahanol sydd weithiau’n gwrthdaro â’i gilydd: cyflwyno golygiad lleiafol o’r testun, a chynrychioli cynifer o nodweddion gweledol y llawysgrif ag y bo modd.
Visual features of the text such as layout, and rubrication may prove to be as essential in textual interpretation as features such as punctuation, letter forms, capitalisation and word division, which are more usually invoked by scholars in the field.
Wrth ddehongli testun, gall nodweddion gweledol megis rhuddellu a diwyg y testun fod mor bwysig â phriodoleddau fel atalnodi, ffurfiau llythrennau, priflythrennu a rhannu geiriau.
The orthography of the original text has been maintained, even where it is idiosyncratic, as the unique characteristics of the scribe’s spelling may shed light upon the language of the period as he, his audience, or patron used it. Where the scribe’s orthography seems to merit particular attention, an editorial gloss has been added to indicate what we believe to have been the target form.
Gall nodweddion yn sillafu ysgrifydd ein goleuo ynglŷn â’r iaith a ddefnyddiai ef, ei noddwr, neu ei gynulleidfa. Gan hynny, cadwyd orgraff y testun gwreiddiol. Pan dybiwyd bod nodwedd orgraffyddol yn teilyngu sylw arbennig, ychwanegwyd nodyn golygyddol i gyfeirio’r darllenydd at y ffurf darged debygol.
In some places, especially where the manuscript is damaged, we have supplied text. This serves the two-fold purpose of presenting a complete text and, perhaps more importantly, of indicating the size of the damaged area.
In order to make editorial intervention as transparent as possible, supplied text is clearly marked off from the manuscript text by a different font. Also in the spirit of editorial transparency, we have wherever possible used published editions for supplied text. Text supplied from published editions may suffer from obvious errors or significant differences in orthography from the manuscript text. We have refrained from imposing our own editorial actions on such features.
Mewn mannau, ac yn arbennig pan fydd llawysgrif wedi ei difrodi, ceisiwyd cyflawni’r testun. Symbylwyd hyn gan ddau ddyhead: cynorthwyo'r darllenydd ac – yn bwysicach o’r safbwynt golygyddol – dangos helaethrwydd y difrodi.
Er mwyn i’r darllenydd gael dirnad ôl y golygydd defnyddiwyd ffont arall i ddynodi geiriau a ychwanegwyd at y testun gwreiddiol. Pan fyddai modd, o olygiadau cyhoeddedig y codwyd geiriau a ychwanegwyd. Mae’n bwysig cofio, fodd bynnag, y gall testun mewn golygiad arall gynnwys gwallau amlwg neu elfennau orgraffyddol sy'n amlwg wahanol i destun y llawysgrif. Ymataliwyd rhag ymyrryd â nodweddion o’r fath.
The transcription of this manuscript, as well as the information in this TEI header, is based on the microfilm reproduction of the manuscript produced by the National Library of Wales in 1996. As we have not checked the transcription against the original, information on the matters such as colour scheme and ornamentation should be treated as provisional.
Seiliwyd y trawsgrifiad o’r llawysgrif ynghyda’r wybodaeth yn y ffeil flaen hon ar y atgynhyrchiad microffilm a gynhyrchwyd gan Lyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru o’r llawysgrif wreiddiol yn 1996. Gan na chafwyd cyfle i wirio’r trawsgrifiad drwy eu gymharu â’r llawysgrif wreiddiol, amodol yw’r wybodaeth am nodweddion fel lliwiau ac addurniadau.
Source description
Y Ffynhonnell
Settlement: AberystwythLle: AberystwythRepository: National Library of WalesLlyfrgell: Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru
Shelf-mark: Peniarth 190Mynegrif: Peniarth 190
Contents
Cynnwys
The manuscript contains copies of the religious texts Ystorya Lucidar, Ymborth yr Eneit, and Penityas in the hand of the scribe of (Peniarth 32) or Y Llyfr Teg.
Tri thestun crefyddol sydd yn y llawysgrif: Ystorya Lucidar, Ymborth yr Eneit, a’r Penityas. Yn llaw ysgrifydd (Peniarth 32) neu’r Llyfr Teg y mae’r cyfan.
Order of pages
Trefn y tudalennau
| Page | Comments | Scribe | |
| Tudalen | Sylwadau | Ysgrifydd | |
| 1-165 | Ystorya Lucidar | Llyfr Teg | |
| 166 | blank | gwag | |
| 167-224 | Ymborth yr Eneit | Llyfr Teg | |
| 224-279 | Penityas | Llyfr Teg |
Editions
Golygiadau
The following texts were consulted during transcription:
Ymgynghorwyd â’r testunau canlynol wrth drawsgrifio:
- Daniel, R. Iestyn (1995). Ymborth yr Enaid. Caerdydd. [YE]
- Jones, John Morris & John Rhŷs (1894). Hystoria Lucidar. The Elucidarium and Other Tracts in Welsh from Llyvyr Agkyr Llandewivrevi, 3-76. Oxford.
- Jones, Thomas (1940). Penityas. BBCS 10: 124-5.
- Williams, Ifor (1935, 1936). Penityas. BBCS 7: 370-9; 8: 134-40, 224-9.
Supplied text for Penityas is taken from Williams (1935, 1936).
O Williams (1935, 1936) y daw’r testun a gyflenwyd ar gyfer Penityas.
Accompanying materials
Deunyddiau atodol
There are no other materials bound with this manuscript.
Ni rwymwyd unrhyw ddeunyddiau eraill gyda’r llawysgrif hon.
Language
Iaith
The text is written in medieval Welsh.
Ysgrifennwyd y testun yng Nghymraeg y cyfnod canol.
Layout
Diwyg
The text is written in a single column, with 21 lines to each page.
Ysgrifennwyd y testun mewn un golofn. Mae 21 linell ar bob tudalen.
Foliation
Dalennu
Foliation is in a modern hand in the top right corner of each recto page. We have followed this foliation.
Rhifwyd y tudalennau gan law diweddar yng nghornel dde uchaf pob tudalen recto. Y rhifo hwnnw a ddilynwyd yn y golygiad hwn.
Origin
Tarddiad
The manuscript was produced at the end of the fourteenth or the beginning of the fifteenth century in Wales (Huws 2000: 60).
Cynhyrchwyd y llawysgrif yng Nghymru tua diwedd y bedwaredd ganrif ar ddeg neu ddechrau’r bymthegfed (Huws 2000: 60).
History
Hanes
Peniarth 46 was acquired by Robert Vaughan of Hengwrt (1592-1667). It is not known where Vaughan got most of his manuscripts, but according to a story in the writings of Edward Lhuyd (Tibbott 1943: iv) he inherited those in the possession of John Jones of Gellilyfdy on Jones's death about 1658. The Hengwrt manuscripts were catalogued in 1658 by William Maurice of Cefnybraich, Llansilin (Jones 1943: xvi). The manuscript was bequeathed by Sir Robert Williames Vaughan (d. 1859), the last baronet of Hengwrt, to his friend William Watkin Edward Wynne (1801-1880) of Peniarth in 1859, along with the rest of the Hengwrt collection (Tibbott 1943: viii).
Bu Peniarth 46 yn eiddo i Robert Vaughan o’r Hengwrt (1592-1667). Ni wyddys o ble y cafodd Vaughan y rhan fwyaf o’i lawysgrifau, ond yn ôl hanesyn a gofnododd Edward Lhuyd (Tibbott 1943: iv) fe etifeddodd y rhai a fu’n eiddo i John Jones, Gelli Lyfdy pan fu farw Jones tua 1658. Yn 1658 catalogwyd llawysgrifau Hengwrt gan William Maurice o Gefnybraich, Llansilin (Jones 1943: xvi). Yn 1859, gwaddolwyd y casgliad gan Syr Robert Williames Vaughan (m. 1859), barwnig olaf Hengwrt, i’w gyfaill William Watkin Edward Wynne (1801-1880), Peniarth (Tibbott 1943: viii).
The Hengwrt catalogue was revised by Aneurin Owen (d.1851), and then by William Watkin Wynne. This catalogue was published in Archaeologia Cambrensis, 1869-1871 (Jones 1943: xv). The manuscript was catalogued and re-numbered by J. Gwenogvryn Evans when he examined the collection for the Historical Manuscripts Commission along with the rest of the Peniarth manuscripts, while they were in the possession of W.W.E. Wynne’s son, William Robert Maurice Wynne (d.1909). The Peniarth collection was secured for the nascent National Library of Wales by Sir John Williams who, in 1904, paid the Wynne brothers a sum to ensure the reversion of the collection to the Library upon the death of both brothers. Along with the rest of the collection, the manuscript passed to the Library in 1909 (Tibbott 1943: viii).
Adolygwyd catalog Hengwrt gan Aneurin Owen (m.1851), a chan William Watkin Wynne. Cyhoeddwyd y catalog hwnnw yn Archaeologia Cambrensis, 1869-1871 (Jones 1943: xv). Catalogwyd y llawysgrif a’i hailrifo gan J. Gwenogvryn Evans pan archwiliodd y casgliad ar gyfer Comisiwn Llawysgrifau Hanesyddol. Erbyn hynny aethai’r casgliad yn eiddo i William Robert Maurice Wynne (m.1909), mab W.W.E. Wynne.
The Peniarth collection was secured for the nascent National Library of Wales by Sir John Williams who, in 1904, paid the Wynne brothers a sum to ensure the reversion of the collection to the Library upon the death of both brothers. Along with the rest of the collection, the manuscript passed to the Library in 1909 (Tibbott 1943: viii).
Yn 1904 talodd Syr John Williams swm o arian i’r brodyr Wynne er mwyn sicrhau yr âi casgliad Peniarth i’r Llyfrgell Genedlaethol pan fyddai’r ddau farw. Yn 1909 y bu hynny (Tibbott 1943: viii).
Hand
Y llaw
The manuscript is written in the early fifteenth-century rounded textura hand of the scribe of Llyfr Teg (Peniarth 32), so called for the regularity and legibility of his writing. This scribe was also responsible for penning parts of the Red Book of Hergest (Oxford Jesus College 111), Peniarth 19, and Llanstephan 4.
Ysgrifennwyd y llawysgrif mewn llaw decstwra gron gan ysgrifydd y Llyfr Teg (Peniarth 32), a gafodd ei enw yn sgil yr ysgrifen gymen a darllenadwy. Bu’r ysgrifydd hwn yn gyfrifol hefyd am rannau o Lyfr Coch Hergest (Jesus 111), Peniarth 19, a Llanstephan 4.
Letter forms
Ffurfiau’r llythrennau
Medial <a> <a> ganoligThe scribe uses both regular and medial <a>. The medial <a> often serves almost as a capital, and is commonly found at the beginning of names and clauses.
Defnyddir yr <a> fach gyffredin a’r un ganolig. Daw’r <a> ganolig yn aml ar ddechrau enwau priod a chymalau ac ymddengys ei bod YN gweithredu’n debyg i briflythyren.
Dotted <y> <y> ddotiedigThe scribe uses dotted <y> but only in foreign or Biblical words and names, e.g. <ely>, <Messyas>, <moysen>, <symoneaeth>, <tyberiadis>, <ysais>.
Defnyddir yr <y> ddotiedig, ond dim ond mewn enwau Beiblaidd, megis <ely>, <Messyas>, <moysen>, <symoneaeth>, <tyberiadis> ac <ysais>.
Orthography
Orgraff
The orthography of the original text has been maintained, even where it is idiosyncratic, as the unique characteristics of the scribe's spelling may shed light upon the language of the period as he, his predecessors, or his patron used it.
Cadwyd orgraff y testun gwreiddiol oherwydd y mae’n bosibl y gall ein goleuo am iaith y cyfnod fel y defnyddid hi gan yr ysgrifydd, ei gynsail, neu ei noddwr.
Abbreviations
Byrfoddau
The text contains a number of common abbreviations. These have been expanded in the transcription to the forms that are given elsewhere in the text itself rather than to standard or dictionary forms. Expansions are denoted visually. Examples are:
Mae’r testun yn cynnwys nifer o fyrfoddau cyffredin. Ehangwyd y rhain yn y trawsgrifiad gan ddefnyddio ffurfiau a geir yn y testun ei hun yn hytrach na rhai safonol neu eiriadurol. Dynodir eangiadau yn weledol. Enghreifftiau yw:
- macron over the preceding letter for <n>
- macron dros y llythyren flaenorol ar gyfer <n>:
- a[n]gel 11.11, 12.19, 29.21, etc.
- a[n]gheua6l 10.12
- amgen] 6.6
- bren[n] 20.11
- bron[n] 4.11
- kyn[n] 39.5
- chy[n]nal 36.2
- e[n]gylyon 4.5, 17.12
- e[n]nyt 65.4, etc.
- ge[n]nyt 45.15
- gorchymy[n]nir 52.11
- gytsy[n]nyo 48.4
- hage[n] 47.10
- h6nn] 24.16
- h6[n]nn6 7.18
- hyn[n] 28.21, 55.4, 59.2, etc.
- hy[n]ny 11.16, 17.7, 59.19, etc.
- lladro[n] 55.21
- my[n]naf 24.14
- o!honu[n]t 11.2
- sy[n]nyant 6.17
- y[n]g 23.8, 62.16
- yndu[n]t 41.2
- y[n] 48.5
- yma[n] 63.21
- macron over the preceding character for <m>
- macron dros y llythyren flaenorol ar gyfer <m>
- ky[m]mer 168.14
- dissy[m]mwth 217.1
- gy[m]mun 219.2
- Paham] 35.18
- y[m]mragori 169.16
- ysgy[m]mynda6t 249.11
- <i> above a letter for <ri>:
- <i> uwchben llythyren am <ri>:
- antic[ri]st 125.5
- g[ri]st 32.18, 45.21
- <9> for <ur>:
- <9> am <ur>:
- wneuth[ur] 31.1, 147.11, 205.14, etc.
- <9> for <us>:
- <9> am <us>:
- anosparth[us] 49.18
- anryded[us] 164.21, 184.18
- dyled[us] 29.2
- ebryvyg[us] 242.18
- godinab[us] 260.14
- goual[us] 120.8
- molyann[us] 36.10
- nichodem[us] 31.21
- ogoned[us] 71.19
- <p> with a crossed tail for <per>:
- <p> a chynffon wedi ei chroesi am <per>:
- p[er]son 186.19, 194.11, 268.19
- <’> for <re>:
- <’> am <re>:
- p[re]gethu 52.16
The scribe may also abbreviate the following commonly occurring name:
Gall yr ysgrifydd fyrfoddi’r enw cyffredin canlynol hefyd:
- d[auy]d 155.5
- D[iscipulus] 1.4, 1.10, 2.8, etc.
- M[agister] 1.8, 1.15, 2.1, etc.
- O[mega] 186.5, 216.9
Punctuation
Atalnodi
Punctuation consists of the punctus and the punctus elevatus.
Defnyddir dau atalnod: y punctus a’r punctus elevatus.
Marginalia
Ymylnodau
There are no marginalia in this manuscript.
Nid ysgrifennwyd dim yn ymylon y llawysgrif hon.
Catchwords
Cipeiriau
No catchwords are visible in this manuscript.
Ymddengys nad oes yr un cipair yn y llawysgrif hon.
Ornamention
Addurniadau
The decoration consists in the main of large decorated initials in red ink.
Priflythrennau mawr mewn inc coch yw addurniadau amlycaf y llawysgrif.
In some places where there are coloured initial letters, the scribe has indicated what the letter should be with a smaller letter and this smaller form appears in the left margin. Examples are:
Mewn ambell fan lle y ceir priflythyren goch arwyddodd yr ysgrifydd pa lythyren i’w rhoi yn y bwlch â llythyren lai yn yr ymyl chwith. Enghreifftiau yw:
- <B>: 212.12
- <P>: 234.9
The inside of the front cover contains a Gloddaeth Library bookplate. The number 93 has been written onto the bookplate in a modern hand, possibly that of J. Gwenogvryn Evans, identifying it within that collection.
Y tu mewn i’r clawr blaen ceir llyfrnod Llyfrgell Gloddaeth. Ar y llyfrnod ysgrifennwyd y rhif 93 – sef rhif y llawysgrif yn y llyfrgell honno – gan law ddiweddar, eiddo J. Gwenogvryn Evans, o bosibl.
Damage
Difrod
The manuscript is in good condition though some pages have faded.
Er bod rhai o’r tudalennau wedi pylu, mae’r llawysgrif mewn cyflwr da.
Works consulted
Gweithiau yr ymgynghorwyd â hwy
Information on the dating and hand of this manuscript is based on the following authorities:
Pwyswyd ar yr awdurdodau canlynol am wybodaeth am ddyddio a llaw’r llawysgrif hon:
- Evans, J. Gwenogvryn (1898-1910). Peniarth 190. Report on manuscripts in the Welsh Language 1: 1017-8. London.
- Huws, Daniel (2000). Medieval Welsh Manuscripts. Cardiff.
- Jones, E.D. (1943). Old Catalogues of the Hengwrt Manuscripts. Handlist of Manuscripts in the National Library of Wales 1:xv-xxiii. Aberystwyth.
- Tibbot, Gildas (1943). A Brief History of the Hengwrt-Peniarth Collection. Handlist of Manuscripts in the National Library of Wales 1: i-xiv. Aberystwyth.
