Breudwd Rhyddiaith Gymraeg 1350-1425
English

Peniarth 46: Golygiad Electronig. Ffeil flaen TEI
Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC)
Whitefriars, Lewins Mead, Bristol BS1 2AE. 0117 987 6500
Peter Wynn Thomas, D Mark Smith, Diana Luft

Peniarth 46: An Electronic Edition

TEI header

Peniarth 46: Golygiad Electronig

Ffeil flaen TEI

Editorial principles

Egwyddorion golygu

Corff Electronig o Ryddiaith Cymraeg Canol aims to produce machine-readable editions of all the medieval Welsh prose texts which have been preserved in manuscripts dating from c.1350 to c.1425.

Nod Corff Electronig o Ryddiaith Cymraeg Canol yw cynhyrchu golygiadau electronig o’r holl destunau rhyddiaith a gadwyd mewn llawysgrifau a ddyddir i’r cyfnod rhwng oddeutu 1350 ac 1425.

The project is a continuation and a development of two previous projects funded by the University of Wales which transcribed the Welsh prose in manuscripts dated to c.1250-c.1350.

Mae’r prosiect presennol yn parhau ac yn datblygu dau brosiect blaenorol a ariannwyd gan Brifysgol Cymru. Nod y gwaith hwnnw oedd trawsgrifio’r rhyddiaith mewn llawysgrifau a luniwyd rhwng tua 1250 ac 1350.

The intention is to give scholars access not only to texts that have hitherto remained unedited but also to the different versions of texts that have been the subject of critical editions.

Mae’r Corff yn cynnwys testunau a olygwyd eisoes mewn gwahanol ffyrdd a hefyd destunau nas cyhoeddwyd erioed o’r blaen. Y bwriad yw rhyddau’r testunau hyn mewn golygiad sy’n cynnwys ymyrryd golygyddol lleiafol.

Certain decorative features have been encoded: these may trigger further study of the original manuscripts. Primarily, however, the resource provides detail which it is hoped will further the study of the language and literature of the period.

Amgodiwyd rhai nodweddion addurnol a all sbarduno astudio’r llawysgrifau gwreiddiol ymhellach. Y prif nod, fodd bynnag, yw darparu manylion y gobeithir y byddant yn hyrwyddo astudio iaith a llenyddiaeth y cyfnod.

In producing this edition, we have attempted to fulfil two different and often non-complementary if not opposing goals: to present a minimally edited edition of the text, and to represent as many visual features of the manuscript as possible.

Mae’r golygiad hwn yn ceisio cyflawni dau nod gwahanol sydd weithiau’n gwrthdaro â’i gilydd: cyflwyno golygiad lleiafol o’r testun, a chynrychioli cynifer o nodweddion gweledol y llawysgrif ag y bo modd.

Visual features of the text such as layout, and rubrication may prove to be as essential in textual interpretation as features such as punctuation, letter forms, capitalisation and word division, which are more usually invoked by scholars in the field.

Wrth ddehongli testun, gall nodweddion gweledol megis rhuddellu a diwyg y testun fod mor bwysig â phriodoleddau fel atalnodi, ffurfiau llythrennau, priflythrennu a rhannu geiriau.

The orthography of the original text has been maintained, even where it is idiosyncratic, as the unique characteristics of the scribe’s spelling may shed light upon the language of the period as he, his audience, or patron used it. Where the scribe’s orthography seems to merit particular attention, an editorial gloss has been added to indicate what we believe to have been the target form.

Gall nodweddion yn sillafu ysgrifydd ein goleuo ynglŷn â’r iaith a ddefnyddiai ef, ei noddwr, neu ei gynulleidfa. Gan hynny, cadwyd orgraff y testun gwreiddiol. Pan dybiwyd bod nodwedd orgraffyddol yn teilyngu sylw arbennig, ychwanegwyd nodyn golygyddol i gyfeirio’r darllenydd at y ffurf darged debygol.

In some places, especially where the manuscript is damaged, we have supplied text. This serves the two-fold purpose of presenting a complete text and, perhaps more importantly, of indicating the size of the damaged area.

In order to make editorial intervention as transparent as possible, supplied text is clearly marked off from the manuscript text by a different font. Also in the spirit of editorial transparency, we have wherever possible used published editions for supplied text. Text supplied from published editions may suffer from obvious errors or significant differences in orthography from the manuscript text. We have refrained from imposing our own editorial actions on such features.

Mewn mannau, ac yn arbennig pan fydd llawysgrif wedi ei difrodi, ceisiwyd cyflawni’r testun. Symbylwyd hyn gan ddau ddyhead: cynorthwyo'r darllenydd ac – yn bwysicach o’r safbwynt golygyddol – dangos helaethrwydd y difrodi.

Er mwyn i’r darllenydd gael dirnad ôl y golygydd defnyddiwyd ffont arall i ddynodi geiriau a ychwanegwyd at y testun gwreiddiol. Pan fyddai modd, o olygiadau cyhoeddedig y codwyd geiriau a ychwanegwyd. Mae’n bwysig cofio, fodd bynnag, y gall testun mewn golygiad arall gynnwys gwallau amlwg neu elfennau orgraffyddol sy'n amlwg wahanol i destun y llawysgrif. Ymataliwyd rhag ymyrryd â nodweddion o’r fath.

The transcription of this manuscript, as well as the information in this TEI header, is based on the microfilm reproduction of the manuscript produced by the National Library of Wales in 1994. As we have not checked the transcription against the original, information on the scribal hands, foliation, accompanying materials, colour scheme and ornamentation should be treated as provisional.

Seiliwyd y trawsgrifiad o’r llawysgrif ynghyda’r wybodaeth yn y ffeil flaen hon ar y atgynhyrchiad microffilm a gynhyrchwyd gan Lyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru o’r llawysgrif wreiddiol yn 1994.

Source description

Y Ffynhonnell

Settlement: AberystwythLle: Aberystwyth
Repository: National Library of WalesLlyfrgell: Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru
Shelf-mark: Peniarth 46Mynegrif: Peniarth 46

Contents

Y Cynnwys

The manuscript contains a copy of Brut y Brenhined in the hand of the Anchorite of Llanddewibrefi.

Mae’r llawysgrif yn cynnwys copi o Brut y Brenhined yn llaw Ancr Llanddewibrefi.

Daniel Huws (2000: 49) has suggested that this manuscript may originally have been meant to form a single volume along with Peniarth 47 part i, which contains a copy of Ystorya Dared in the hand of the same scribe.

Awgrymodd Daniel Huws (2000: 49) y gallai’r llawysgrif hon a Pheniarth 47, rhan i fod wedi bod ffurfio un gyfrol. Mae Peniarth 47, rhan i yn cynnwys copi o Ystorya Dared yn llaw’r un ysgrifydd.

Many pages are missing from Peniarth 46, but these have been replaced with paper copies of the relevant sections from the text in the Dingestow Court manuscript (NLW 5266B) in the hand of J. Gwenogvryn Evans, according to notes in the bottom margins of pages 80, 128 and 186. Evans used the same text to fill in gaps left by holes in the vellum at pages 135-140, 193-194, 207-208, and 211-224.

Collwyd llawer o dudalennau Peniarth 46 ond llanwyd y bylchau gan J. Gwenogvryn Evans, drwy gopio’r rhannau cyfatebol yn llawysgrif Dingestow (NLW 5266B; cyfeirir at hyn mewn nodiadau ar odreon tudalennau 80, 128, a 186. Tynnodd Evans ar yr un testun wrth lenwi bylchau a achoswyd gan dyllau yn y memrwn ar dudalennau 135-140, 193-194, 207-208, a 211-224.

Order of pages

Trefn y tudalennau

Page Comments Scribe
Tudalen Sylwadau Ysgrifydd
i r Note on the manuscript in the hand of W.R.M. Wynne Wynne
i r Nodyn am y llawysgrif yn llaw W.R.M. Wynne Wynne
i v Note on the hand and date of the manuscript later hand
i v Nodyn am y llaw ac am ddyddiad y llawysgrif llaw ddiweddarach
1-64 Brut y Brenhined Ancr
65-80 Brut y Brenhined Evans
81-112 Brut y Brenhined Ancr
113-128 Brut y Brenhined Evans
129-182 Brut y Brenhined Ancr
183-186 Brut y Brenhined Evans
187-208 Brut y Brenhined Ancr
209-210 Brut y Brenhined Evans
211-240 Brut y Brenhined Ancr
241-244 Brut y Brenhined Evans
245-252 Brut y Brenhined Ancr
245-256 Brut y Brenhined Evans
257-258 Brut y Brenhined Ancr
259-260 Brut y Brenhined Evans
261-268 Brut y Brenhined Ancr
269-270 Brut y Brenhined Evans
271-352 Brut y Brenhined Ancr
353-359 Brut y Brenhined Evans

Editions

Golygiadau

The following texts were consulted during transcription:

Ymgynghorwyd â’r testunau canlynol wrth drawsgrifio:

Supplied text is drawn from the above editions.

Y golygiadau uchod yw ffynonellau’r geiriau a gyflenwyd.

Accompanying materials

Deunyddiau atodol

Notes in a number of modern hands precede the manuscript and are bound with it:

Mae nodiadau mewn sawl llaw ddiweddar yn rhagflaenu’r llawysgrif ac wedi eu rhwymo gyda hi:

Language

Iaith

The text is written in medieval Welsh.

Ysgrifennwyd y testun yng Nghymraeg y cyfnod canol.

Layout

Diwyg

The text is written in a single column, with between 18 and 21 lines to each page.

Ysgrifennwyd y testun mewn un golofn. Mae rhwng 18 ac 21 llinell ar bob tudalen.

Foliation

Dalennu

Page-numbering is found in the top left corner of each recto page, and the top right corner of each verso in a modern hand, probably that of J. Gwenogvryn Evans.

Given that the page-numbering is consistent throughout the manuscript, on the pages produced by the original scribe and those provided by Evans, it is likely that Evans is responsible for the foliation of the entire manuscript.

Rhifwyd y tudalennau mewn llaw ddiweddar yng nghornel chwith uchaf pob dalen recto, ac yng nghornel dde uchaf pob dalen verso; ymddengys mai llaw J. Gwenogvryn Evans yw hon.

Gan fod y dalennu’n gyson drwy gydol y llawysgrif, ar y tudalennau a luniwyd gan yr ysgrifydd gwreiddiol yn ogystal ag ar y rhai a ddarparwyd gan Gwenogvryn, y mae’n debygol mai Gwenogvryn a oedd yn gyfrifol am y dalennu.

Origin

Tarddiad

The manuscript was written in Wales in the middle of the fourteenth century (Evans 1898-1910: 380, Huws 2000).

Ysgrifennwyd y llawysgrif yng Nghymru tua chanol y bedwaredd ganrif ar ddeg (Evans 1898-1910: 380, Huws 2000).

History

Hanes

Peniarth 46 was acquired by Robert Vaughan of Hengwrt (1592-1667). It is not known where Vaughan got most of his manuscripts, but according to a story in the writings of Edward Lhuyd (Tibbott 1943: iv) he inherited those in the possession of John Jones of Gellilyfdy on Jones's death about 1658. The Hengwrt manuscripts were catalogued in 1658 by William Maurice of Cefnybraich, Llansilin (Jones 1943: xvi). The manuscript was bequeathed by Sir Robert Williames Vaughan (d. 1859), the last baronet of Hengwrt, to his friend William Watkin Edward Wynne (1801-1880) of Peniarth in 1859, along with the rest of the Hengwrt collection (Tibbott 1943: viii).

Bu Peniarth 46 yn eiddo i Robert Vaughan o’r Hengwrt (1592-1667). Ni wyddys o ble y cafodd Vaughan y rhan fwyaf o’i lawysgrifau, ond yn ôl hanesyn a gofnododd Edward Lhuyd (Tibbott 1943: iv) fe etifeddodd y rhai a fu’n eiddo i John Jones, Gellilyfdy pan fu farw Jones tua 1658. Yn 1658 catalogwyd llawysgrifau Hengwrt gan William Maurice o Gefnybraich, Llansilin (Jones 1943: xvi). Yn 1859, gwaddolwyd y casgliad gan Syr Robert Williames Vaughan (m. 1859), barwnig olaf Hengwrt, i’w gyfaill William Watkin Edward Wynne (1801-1880), Peniarth (Tibbott 1943: viii).

The Hengwrt catalogue was revised by Aneurin Owen (d.1851), and then by William Watkin Wynne. This catalogue was published in Archaeologia Cambrensis, 1869-1871 (Jones 1943: xv). The manuscript was catalogued and re-numbered by J. Gwenogvryn Evans when he examined the collection for the Historical Manuscripts Commission along with the rest of the Peniarth manuscripts, while they were in the possession of W.W.E. Wynne’s son, William Robert Maurice Wynne (d.1909). The Peniarth collection was secured for the nascent National Library of Wales by Sir John Williams who, in 1904, paid the Wynne brothers a sum to ensure the reversion of the collection to the Library upon the death of both brothers. Along with the rest of the collection, the manuscript passed to the Library in 1909 (Tibbott 1943: viii).

Adolygwyd catalog Hengwrt gan Aneurin Owen (m.1851), a chan William Watkin Wynne. Cyhoeddwyd y catalog hwnnw yn Archaeologia Cambrensis, 1869-1871 (Jones 1943: xv). Catalogwyd y llawysgrif a’i hailrifo gan J. Gwenogvryn Evans pan archwiliodd y casgliad ar gyfer Comisiwn Llawysgrifau Hanesyddol. Erbyn hynny aethai’r casgliad yn eiddo i William Robert Maurice Wynne (m.1909), mab W.W.E. Wynne.

The Peniarth collection was secured for the nascent National Library of Wales by Sir John Williams who, in 1904, paid the Wynne brothers a sum to ensure the reversion of the collection to the Library upon the death of both brothers. Along with the rest of the collection, the manuscript passed to the Library in 1909 (Tibbott 1943: viii).

Yn 1904 talodd Syr John Williams swm o arian i’r brodyr Wynne er mwyn sicrhau yr âi casgliad Peniarth i’r Llyfrgell Genedlaethol pan fyddai’r ddau farw. Yn 1909 y bu hynny (Tibbott 1943: viii).

According to a note in the hand of W.R.M. Wynne which is bound with the manuscript, the manuscript was repaired by J. Gwenogvryn Evans sometime before June 1892. It is likely that it was at this time that Evans added paper leaves containing the corresponding text from the Dingestow Court manuscript (NLW 5266B) in order to fill textual lacunae caused by missing folios. In notes in the bottom margins of pages 80 and 128 of the manuscript, Evans claims to have made these additions in November of 1889.

Yn ôl nodyn yn llaw W.R.M. Wynne, a rwymwyd gyda’r llawysgrif, trwsiwyd y llawysgrif gan J. Gwenogvryn Evans rywdro cyn mis Mehefin 1892. Diau mai dyna pryd yr ychwanegodd Gwenogvryn y dail papur sy’n cynnwys testun cyfatebol llawysgrif Dingestow (NLW 5266B) er mwyn llenwi’r bylchau yn y testun a achoswyd gan ffolios a gollwyd o Beniarth 46. Mewn nodiadau ar odreon tudalennau 80 a 128, dywed Evans mai ym mis Tachwedd 1889 y gwnaeth yr ychwanegiadau hyn.

Hand

Y llaw

The script of the text is identified by Daniel Huws as rounded textura, the most common script used in Welsh manuscripts up to the end of the fifteenth century.

Yn ôl Daniel Huws, mewn tecstwra gron yr ysgrifennwyd y testun. Hon yw sgript fwyaf cyffredin llawysgrifau Cymraeg hyd at ddiwedd y bymthegfed ganrif.

The scribe is known as the Anchorite of Llanddewibrefi, and was responsible for penning a number of important manuscripts of the period including Peniarth 47i, Peniarth 18, parts of Peniarth 5, and Llyvyr Agkyr Llanddewivrevi (Oxford Jesus College 119), after which he has been named.

Adweinir yr ysgrifydd wrth yr enw Ancr Llanddewibrefi, gŵr a gopïodd nifer o lawysgrifau pwysig yn y cyfnod, gan gynnwys Peniarth 47i, Peniarth 18, rhannau o Peniarth 5, a Llyvyr Agkyr Llanddewivrevi (Oxford Jesus College 119), sef y llawysgrif yr enwyd ef ar ei hôl.

Letter forms

Ffurfiau’r llythrennau

Medial <a> <a> ganolig

Medial <a> tends to occur immediately following the punctus and at the beginning of personal names. It is easily distinguishable from the capital form of the letter, but the difference between it and the common form is not as great.

Mae’r <a> ganolig yn tueddu i ddigwydd ar ôl y punctus ac ar ddechrau enwau personol. Y mae’n amlwg wahanol i’r briflythyren gyfatebol, ond nid yw’r gwahaniaeth rhyngddi a’r ffurf fach mor fawr.

Capitals, semi-caps, and small letters Priflythrennau mawr a llai, a llythrennau bach

The difference between capital letters and small letters may be slight, especially in the case of less common letters or letters in which the form of the capital is similar to that of the small letter, as with <H>, <K>, <S>, and <Y>.

Weithiau prin y bydd gwahaniaeth rhwng priflythrennau a llythrennau bach, yn enwedig o ran y llythrennau lleiaf cyffredin neu'r llythrennau hynny y bydd eu priflythyren yn debyg i’w llythyren lai, megis yn achos <H>, <K>, <S>, a <Y>.

The scribe does not use different forms for the modern-day letters <I> and <J>: instances have all been transcribed as <J>.

Nid yw’r ysgrifydd yn gwahaniaethu rhwng y llythrennau diweddar <I> and <J>: cynrychiolir pob enghraifft yn y trawsgrifiad â <J>.

Examples of the above are:

Enghreifftiau o’r llythrennau uchod yw:

The dividing line between capital letters and semi-caps may also be unclear, as in most cases the semi-cap is simply a smaller version of the capital, except in the case of <M>, where the capital and semi-cap have different forms. Examples are:

Gall y gwahaniaeth rhwng priflythrennau mawr a phriflythrennau llai fod yn aneglur hefyd, oherwydd fel rheol nid yw’r briflythyren lai yn ddim ond fersiwn lai o’r un fawr. Mae <M> yn eithriad: yn yr achos hwn mae i’r briflythyren fawr a’r briflythyren lai ffurfiau gwahanol. Enghreifftiau yw:

Word division

Rhannu geiriau

Though words are separated by clearly distinguishable spaces throughout most of the manuscript, in some places it is not clear whether sequences are to be taken to represent one word or two.

Fel rheol ceir bwlch amlwg rhwng geiriau. Ar brydiau, fodd bynnag, nid yw’n glir a fwriadwyd i olyniad fod yn un gair neu ddau.

Orthography

Orgraff

The orthography of the original text has been maintained, even where it is idiosyncratic, as the unique characteristics of the scribe's spelling may shed light upon the language of the period as he, his predecessors, or his patron used it.

Cadwyd orgraff y testun gwreiddiol oherwydd y mae’n bosibl y gall ein goleuo am iaith y cyfnod fel y defnyddid hi gan yr ysgrifydd, ei gynsail, neu ei noddwr.

Abbreviations

Byrfoddau

The text contains a number of common abbreviations. These have been expanded in the transcription to the forms that are given elsewhere in the text itself rather than to standard or dictionary forms. Expansions are denoted visually. Examples are:

Mae’r testun yn cynnwys nifer o fyrfoddau cyffredin. Ehangwyd y rhain yn y trawsgrifiad gan ddefnyddio ffurfiau a geir yn y testun ei hun yn hytrach na rhai safonol neu eiriadurol. Dynodir eangiadau yn weledol. Enghreifftiau yw:

The scribe may also abbreviate the following commonly occurring names and words:

Gall yr ysgrifydd fyrfoddi’r enwau a'r geiriau cyffredin canlynol hefyd:

Punctuation

Atalnodi

The most common punctuation mark in the text is the punctus. There are also examples of the punctus elevatus at 84.15 and 112.15.

Y punctus yw’r atalnod mwyaf cyffredin. Ceir hefyd enghreifftiau o’r punctus elevatus yn 84.15 a 112.15.

The abbreviation <.y.p.> (see above for examples) tends to appear with the punctus both before and after, as does the first person singular personal pronoun <.i.> at 98.20 and 104.20.

Mae’r punctus yn tueddu i ragflaenu a dilyn y byrfodd <.y.p.> (a enghreifftir uchod). Ceir hynny hefyd gyda’r rhagenw ôl cyntaf unigol <.i.> yn 98.20 a 104.20.

In two places (160.1, 311.10), the scribe has written two words in the wrong order, and then corrected the text by adding the sign " above each of the words in question to show that their order should be reversed.

Mewn dau fan (160.1, 311.10), ysgrifennwyd dau air yn y drefn anghywir ac yna gywiro drwy ychwanegu’r arwydd " uwchben y naill air a’r llall er mwyn cyfarwyddo’r darllenydd.

Marginalia

Ymylnodau

There are some marginalia in later hands in the manuscript which have not been included in the transcription:

Mae yn y llawysgrif rai ymylnodau mewn dwylo diweddarach. Ni chynhwyswyd y rhain yn y trawsgrifiad:

Nota marks are to be found in the margins of pages 107, 137, 190, 234, 236, 237 and 300.

Ceir nodau nota yn ymylon tudalennau 107, 137, 190, 234, 236, 237 a 300.

Catchwords

Cipeiriau

Although the greater part of the manuscript does not contain catchwords, examples at the bottom of pages 64, 137, 144, and 352 are placed very low on the page and in some cases are half cut off. There may, therefore, have been more catchwords at some point in the past which have been lost during the process of binding. The present examples are:

Er nad oes cipeiriau yn y rhan fwyaf o’r llawysgrif, fe’u ceir ar waelod tudalennau 64, 137, 144 a 352. Mae’r rhain yn isel iawn ar y ddalen a thrychwyd hanner rhai ohonynt. Dichon, felly, fod rhagor o gipeiriau yn y llawysgrif rywbryd yn y gorffennol, ond i’r rheini gael eu colli pan dociwyd y dail yn ystod rhwymo. Yr enghreifftiau presennol yw:

Ornamention

Addurniadau

The decoration consists in the main of large decorated initials in red and blue ink.

Priflythrennau mawr mewn inc coch neu las yw’r addurniadau amlycaf.

A number of pages contain ornamentation in the margins. The ornamentation is usually associated with a large decorated coloured initial, and consists of a series of line-drawn scrolls that populate the left and occasionally top margins. Examples can be seen on pages 83, 86, 91, 92, 95, 98 and 100.

Ceir addurniadau yn ymylon sawl tudalen. Fel rheol cysylltir addurn â phriflythyren addurnedig fawr liw, a bydd iddo gyfres o luniau sy’n ffurfio sgroliau yn yr ymyl chwith ac ar frig y ddalen. Mae enghreifftiau ar dudalennau 83, 86, 91, 92, 95, 98 a 100.

Page 289 has a small line-drawing in the bottom margin.

Mae llun bach ar odre tudalen 289.

The large initials and large decorated initials were probably added to the manuscript after the text was written. Someone traced in the letters that were meant to go in the spaces left for them at an early stage in the production of the manuscript, and they are to be seen peeking out from underneath the initials at 93.13, 135.6, 136.14, 151.15, 153.7, 157.15, 173.20, 174.20 and 175.18.

Mae’n debygol mai ar ôl ysgrifennu’r llawysgrif yr ychwanegwyd y priflythrennau mawr a’r rhai addurnedig. Amlinellodd rhywun y llythrennau y bwriedid iddynt lenwi’r gofodau a adawyd iddynt: gwelir enghreifftiau o’r llythrennau a amlinellwyd o dan y priflythrennau a ychwanegwyd yn ddiweddarach yn 93.13, 135.6, 136.14, 151.15, 153.7, 157.15, 173.20, 174.20 a 175.18.

At 198.8 the scribe and the rubricator have differed in the placement of the initial: the sketched-in <a> appears at the end of line 8 but the large decorated initial appears at the beginning of line 9.

Yn 198.8 mae’r ysgrifydd a’r rhuddellwr wedi rhoi eu priflythrennau mewn mannau gwahanol. Ar ddiwedd llinell 8 y mae amlinell yr <a>, ond ar ddechrau llinell 9 y ceir y llythyren addurnedig.

The individual responsible for the ornamentation failed to fill in the gaps left for such initials on a number of occasions, and only the provisional letter remains followed by a gap in the following places: 24.21, 134.1, 158.20, 160.21, 187.21, 192.20 and 226.18.

Methodd y sawl a oedd yn gyfrifol am yr addurno â llenwi’r bylchau a adawyd ar gyfer llythrennau addurnedig mewn sawl man: dim ond yr amlinelliad a bwlch ar ei ôl a welwn yn 24.21, 134.1, 158.20, 160.21, 187.21, 192.20 a 226.18.

In other places – 1.1, 17, 24, 144 – it is likely that the scribe or rubricator drew outlines of the initials and failed to fill them in.

Mewn mannau eraill – 1.1, 17, 24, 144 – amlinellwyd y priflythrennau ond nis llenwyd.

At 3.10, no letter, provisional, outlined, or otherwise, appears.

Dim ond bwlch a geir Yn 3.10, heb unrhyw lythyren i’w lenwi.

Damage

Difrod

Holes in the manuscript which have an effect on the text have been tagged accordingly. On occasion natural holes are to be found in the margins of the pages which have no effect on the text, as on pages 57-58, 89-90, 179-80, and 288-89. A rectangular piece has been cut out of the right margin of page 325 and the left margin of page 326 which has had a minimal effect on the text.

Tagiwyd tyllau yn y llawysgrif sy’n effeithio ar y testun. Ar brydiau ceir tyllau naturiol yn y llawysgrif neu yn yr ymylon nad effeithiant ar y testun, megis ar dudalennau 57-58, 89-90, 179-80 a 288-89. Torrwyd darn hirsgwar o ymyl dde tudalen 325 ac ymyl chwith tudalen 326; effeithiodd hynny ychydig ar y testun.

The manuscript has also sustained damage which has affected the text. In these cases, the pages have been mended by J. Gwenogvryn Evans, and the missing text provided by him on pages 135-140, 193-194, 207-208 and 211-224.

Ar dudalennau 135-140, 193-194, 207-208 a 211-224 mae difrod i’r llawysgrif wedi effeithio ar y testun. Yn y mannau hyn trwsiwyd y tudalennau gan J. Gwenogvryn Evans, a gyflenwodd y testun coll.

J. Gwenogvryn Evans

Contents Cynnwys

As noted above, a number of pages are in the hand of J. Gwenogvryn Evans. He apparently mended the manuscript in a number of places in November 1889 (pp. 80 and 128, notes in bottom margins), filling gaps left by damage with text from the version of Brut y Brenhined found in the Dingestow Court manuscript (NLW 5266B), though he claims that the text of Peniarth 46 actually agrees better than the Dingestow Brut with that of Peniarth 45 (Hengwrt 536) (p. 128, note in bottom margin).

Fel y nodwyd uchod, yn llaw J. Gwenogvryn Evans y mae nifer o’r tudalennau. Ymddengys iddo drwsio’r llawysgrif mewn sawl man ym mis Tachwedd 1889 (tt. 80 a 128, nodiadau ar y godreon), gan dynnu ar y fersiwn o Brut y Brenhined sydd yn llawysgrif Dingestow (NLW 5266B) i lenwi’r bylchau. Er hynny, honnai fod testun Peniarth 46 yn debycach i eiddo Peniarth 45 (Hengwrt 536) (t. 128, nodyn godre).

Orthography Orgraff

Evans noted unique spellings and corrections in the pages which he wrote by placing a note reading ‘sic.’ under each instance. Examples are:

Cofnododd Gwenogvryn sillafiadau unigryw a chywiriadau ar y tudalennau a ysgrifennodd drwy roi nodyn ‘sic.’ o dan bob eitem, e.e.

Characteristics Priodoleddau

The sections in Evans’s hand are distinguished by a number of other characteristics which may represent features of his exemplar, which he seemingly aimed to copy as accurately as possible, even when it had errors. Examples of notes may be found at:

Ceisiai Gwenogvryn gopïo’i gynsail mor ffyddlon ag y gallai. Hynodir yr adrannau yn ei law gan nifer o briodoleddau eraill, gan gynnwys gwallau, a all gynrychioli nodweddion yn ei gynsail. Enghreifftiau diddorol yw:

Marginalia

Ymylnodau

Marginalia in Evans’s hand are found at:

Yr ymylnodau a luniodd Gwenogvryn yw:

The marginalia consisting of numbers probably refer to page numbers from the Dingestow Court manuscript.

Ymddengys mai cyfeirio at lawysgrif Dingestow y mae’r rhifau yn yr ymylnodau uchod.

Ornament Addurniadau

Gwenogvryn Evans reproduced many features of NLW 5266B), the manuscript from which he was copying, including drawing in holes at pages 241-3, and large decorated initials. However, large decorated initials have been omitted at 67.7, 77.22.

Atgynhyrchodd Gwenogvryn lawer o nodweddion NLW 5266B), y llawysgrif a gopïai, gan gynnwys darlunio tyllau ar dudalennau 241-3 a phriflythrennau addurnedig mawr. Er hynny, hepgorodd y priflythrennau addurnedig mawr yn 67.7 a 77.22.

Works consulted

Gweithiau yr ymgynghorwyd â hwy

Information on the dating and hand of this manuscript is based on the following authorities:

Pwyswyd ar yr awdurdodau canlynol am wybodaeth am ddyddio a llaw’r llawysgrif hon:

Revision history

Cynnydd y gwaith

8 August 2007. Peter Wynn Thomas(principal investigator), edited TEI header
8 August 2007. Peter Wynn Thomas(principal investigator), edited TEI header
8 Awst 2007. Peter Wynn Thomas(y prif ymchwilydd), golygu’r ffeil flaen TEI
8 Awst 2007. Peter Wynn Thomas(y prif ymchwilydd), golygu’r ffeil flaen TEI
11 November 2006, 26 January 2007. Peter Wynn Thomas(principal investigator), edited XML encoded files, produced table of corrections and amended where necessary
11 November 2006, 26 January 2007. Peter Wynn Thomas(principal investigator), edited XML encoded files, produced table of corrections and amended where necessary
11 Tachwedd 2006, 26 Ionawr 2007. Peter Wynn Thomas(y prif ymchwilydd), golygu’r ffeiliau XML, cynhyrchu tabl o gywiriadau, cywiro yn ôl yr angen
11 Tachwedd 2006, 26 Ionawr 2007. Peter Wynn Thomas(y prif ymchwilydd), golygu’r ffeiliau XML, cynhyrchu tabl o gywiriadau, cywiro yn ôl yr angen
3 June 2005. Diana Luft(transcriber, encoder), converted Word files with shortcuts into XML files and corrected them
3 June 2005. Diana Luft(transcriber, encoder), converted Word files with shortcuts into XML files and corrected them
3 Mehefin 2005. Diana Luft(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), trosi’r ffeiliau Word a gynhwysai fyrfoddau yn ffeiliau XML a’u cywiro
3 Mehefin 2005. Diana Luft(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), trosi’r ffeiliau Word a gynhwysai fyrfoddau yn ffeiliau XML a’u cywiro
23 June 2004 - 5 August 2004. Diana Luft(transcriber, encoder), checked DMS’s corrections of pages 81-199 and 300-359 against microfilm, corrected electronic transcription of pages 81-199 and 300-359
23 June 2004 - 5 August 2004. Diana Luft(transcriber, encoder), checked DMS’s corrections of pages 81-199 and 300-359 against microfilm, corrected electronic transcription of pages 81-199 and 300-359
23 Mehefin 2004 - 5 Awst 2004. Diana Luft(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), gwirio cywiriadau DMS: tt. 81-199 a 300-359 drwy eu cymharu â’r microffilm, cywiro’r trawsgrifiad: tt. 81-199 a 300-359
23 Mehefin 2004 - 5 Awst 2004. Diana Luft(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), gwirio cywiriadau DMS: tt. 81-199 a 300-359 drwy eu cymharu â’r microffilm, cywiro’r trawsgrifiad: tt. 81-199 a 300-359
23 June 2004 - 30 July 2004. D. Mark Smith(transcriber, encoder), checked DL’s corrections of pages 1-80 and 200-299 against microfilm, corrected electronic transcription of pages 1-80 and 200-299
23 June 2004 - 30 July 2004. D. Mark Smith(transcriber, encoder), checked DL’s corrections of pages 1-80 and 200-299 against microfilm, corrected electronic transcription of pages 1-80 and 200-299
23 Mehefin 2004 - 30 Gorffennaf 2004. D. Mark Smith(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), gwirio cywiriadau DL o tt. 1-80 a 200-299 drwy eu cymharu â’r microffilm, cywiro’r trawsgrifiad: tt. 1-80 a 200-299
23 Mehefin 2004 - 30 Gorffennaf 2004. D. Mark Smith(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), gwirio cywiriadau DL o tt. 1-80 a 200-299 drwy eu cymharu â’r microffilm, cywiro’r trawsgrifiad: tt. 1-80 a 200-299
22 June 2004 - 5 August 2004. D. Mark Smith(transcriber, encoder), checked DL’s transcript of pages 81-199 and 300-359 against prints
22 June 2004 - 5 August 2004. D. Mark Smith(transcriber, encoder), checked DL’s transcript of pages 81-199 and 300-359 against prints
22 Mehefin 2004 - 5 Awst 2004. D. Mark Smith(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), gwirio trawsgrifiad DL o tt. 81-199 a 300-359 drwy eu cymharu â’r printiau
22 Mehefin 2004 - 5 Awst 2004. D. Mark Smith(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), gwirio trawsgrifiad DL o tt. 81-199 a 300-359 drwy eu cymharu â’r printiau
22 June 2004 - 30 July 2004. Diana Luft(transcriber, encoder), checked DMS's transcript of pages 1-80, 200-299 against prints
22 June 2004 - 30 July 2004. Diana Luft(transcriber, encoder), checked DMS's transcript of pages 1-80, 200-299 against prints
22 Mehefin 2004 - 30 Gorffennaf 2004. Diana Luft(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), gwirio trawsgrifiad DMS o tt. 1-80 a 200-299 drwy eu cymharu â’r printiau
22 Mehefin 2004 - 30 Gorffennaf 2004. Diana Luft(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), gwirio trawsgrifiad DMS o tt. 1-80 a 200-299 drwy eu cymharu â’r printiau
21 June 2004 - 8 August 2004. Diana Luft(transcriber, encoder), transcribed pages 81-199 and 300-359
21 June 2004 - 8 August 2004. Diana Luft(transcriber, encoder), transcribed pages 81-199 and 300-359
21 Mehefin 2004 - 8 Awst 2004. Diana Luft(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), trawsgrifio tt. 81-199 a 300-359
21 Mehefin 2004 - 8 Awst 2004. Diana Luft(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), trawsgrifio tt. 81-199 a 300-359
21 June 2004 - 29 July 2004. D. Mark Smith(transcriber, encoder), transcribed pages 1-80 and 200-299
21 June 2004 - 29 July 2004. D. Mark Smith(transcriber, encoder), transcribed pages 1-80 and 200-299
21 Mehefin 2004 - 29 Gorffennaf 2004. D. Mark Smith(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), trawsgrifio tt. 1-80 a 200-299
21 Mehefin 2004 - 29 Gorffennaf 2004. D. Mark Smith(trawsgrifydd, amgodydd), trawsgrifio tt. 1-80 a 200-299